蜗杆蜗轮的分类、常用类型及国内高端的蜗杆蜗轮种类和生产方法如下：
蜗杆蜗轮的分类
• 按蜗杆形状分类：圆柱蜗杆传动，螺旋面为圆柱形；环面蜗杆传动，螺旋面为环形；锥蜗杆传动，螺旋面为锥形。
• 按蜗轮材质分类：铸铁蜗轮，成本低，适用于低速轻载场合；铜合金蜗轮，耐磨性好，适用于高速重载场合；工程塑料蜗轮，重量轻，适用于小型机械。
常用的蜗杆蜗轮类型
• 阿基米德蜗杆蜗轮（ZA）：蜗杆轴向齿廓为直线，端面齿廓为阿基米德螺旋线，加工方便，应用广泛。
• 渐开线蜗杆蜗轮（ZI）：蜗杆端面齿廓为渐开线，传动精度和效率较高，常用于精密传动。
• 法向直廓蜗杆蜗轮（ZN）：蜗杆法向平面内齿廓为直线，加工相对简便，适用于中等精度和载荷传动。
• 圆弧圆柱蜗杆蜗轮（ZC）：蜗杆齿廓为圆弧形，承载能力高、传动效率有所提升，常用于重载传动。
• 环面蜗杆蜗轮：蜗杆轴向外形为凹面圆弧形，传动平稳、承载能力大，用于传递大扭矩场合。
国内高端的蜗杆蜗轮种类和生产方法
• 种类：平面二次包络蜗杆蜗轮，承载能力大、传动效率高、精度高；双导程蜗轮蜗杆，可通过调整轴向位置来消除蜗轮蜗杆啮合间隙，实现精密传动。
• 生产方法：平面二次包络蜗杆蜗轮采用五轴联动数控机床进行磨削加工，精确控制砂轮与工件的相对运动，包络出蜗杆和蜗轮的齿面。双导程蜗轮蜗杆在加工时，通过数控设备精确控制刀具路径和切削参数，保证蜗杆和蜗轮的双导程精度，常需进行精密磨削和检测，以确保产品质量。
The classification, common types, and domestic high-end worm and worm gear types and production methods of worms and worm gears are as follows:
Classification of worms and worm gears
• Classification by worm shape: cylindrical worm drive, the spiral surface is cylindrical; toroidal worm drive, the spiral surface is annular; bevel worm drive, the spiral surface is conical.
• Classification by worm wheel material: cast iron worm wheel, low cost, suitable for low speed and light load occasions; copper alloy worm wheel, good wear resistance, suitable for high speed and heavy load occasions; engineering plastic worm wheel, light weight, suitable for small machinery.
Common types of worms and worm gears
• Archimedean worm and worm wheel (ZA): The axial tooth profile of the worm is a straight line, and the end face tooth profile is an Archimedean spiral line, which is easy to process and widely used.
• Involute worm and worm wheel (ZI): The end face tooth profile of the worm is an involute line, with high transmission accuracy and efficiency, and is often used for precision transmission.
• Normal straight profile worm and worm wheel (ZN): The tooth profile in the normal plane of the worm is a straight line, which is relatively easy to process and suitable for medium precision and load transmission.
• Arc cylindrical worm and worm wheel (ZC): The tooth profile of the worm is an arc shape, with high load capacity and improved transmission efficiency, and is often used for heavy-duty transmission.
• Toroidal worm and worm wheel: The axial shape of the worm is a concave arc shape, with stable transmission and large load capacity, and is used for transmitting large torque occasions.
Domestic high-end worm and worm wheel types and production methods
• Types: Planar secondary enveloping worm and worm wheel, with large load capacity, high transmission efficiency and high precision; double-lead worm and worm wheel, which can eliminate the meshing clearance of the worm and worm wheel by adjusting the axial position to achieve precision transmission.
• Production method: Planar secondary enveloping worm and worm wheel are ground by a five-axis linkage CNC machine tool, which accurately controls the relative movement of the grinding wheel and the workpiece to envelop the tooth surface of the worm and worm wheel. When processing double-lead worm gears, the tool path and cutting parameters are accurately controlled by CNC equipment to ensure the double-lead accuracy of the worm and worm wheel. Precision grinding and testing are often required to ensure product quality.