平面二次包络蜗杆蜗轮是一种先进的机械传动装置，以下是其相关介绍：
定义与原理
平面二次包络蜗杆蜗轮副是指蜗杆是以一个平面为母面，通过相对圆周运动，包络出环面蜗杆的齿面，再以蜗杆的齿面为母线，通过相对运动包络出蜗轮的齿面。
生产过程
• 蜗杆生产：根据设计要求选择合适的钢材，如45钢、40Cr等，将原材料切割成合适的尺寸和形状，作为蜗杆毛坯。使用五轴联动数控机床，按照平面包络环面蜗杆的成型原理，通过机床五轴联动，使得砂轮磨削平面与虚拟齿轮的齿面重合，并绕虚拟齿轮旋转轴线旋转，同时工件蜗杆绕自身轴线旋转，两者的旋转速度和方向通过蜗杆副的旋向和传动比确定，虚拟齿轮轴线与工件蜗杆轴线距离等于蜗杆副中心距，从而利用砂轮平面包络磨削出平面包络环面蜗杆齿面。对磨削后的蜗杆进行淬火、回火等热处理，可提高齿面硬度和耐磨性，再进行磨削加工，进一步提高尺寸精度和表面光洁度。
• 蜗轮生产：通常采用锡青铜等材料，在车床上进行粗车和精车，加工出蜗轮的外圆、内孔等基本形状。根据蜗杆的参数，制造出相应的蜗轮滚刀，滚刀的齿形与蜗杆的齿面共轭。使用滚齿机，利用蜗轮滚刀对蜗轮坯料进行滚齿加工，形成蜗轮的齿形。根据需要进行去应力退火等热处理和表面处理，以提高蜗轮的性能和使用寿命。最后将加工好的蜗杆和蜗轮按照设计要求进行装配，确保两者的啮合间隙、中心距等参数符合标准。
生产设备
主要用到的生产设备有五轴联动数控机床、车床、滚齿机、磨床、热处理设备等。其中，五轴联动数控机床用于蜗杆的精密磨削加工；车床用于蜗杆和蜗轮毛坯的粗加工和部分精加工；滚齿机用于蜗轮的齿形加工；磨床用于蜗杆和蜗轮的磨削，以提高精度和表面质量；热处理设备用于对蜗杆和蜗轮进行淬火、回火、退火等热处理，改善材料性能。
The plane double enveloping worm gear is an advanced mechanical transmission device. The following is its related introduction:
Definition and principle
The plane double enveloping worm gear pair means that the worm uses a plane as the parent surface, and through relative circular motion, it envelops the tooth surface of the toroidal worm, and then uses the tooth surface of the worm as the parent line to envelop the tooth surface of the worm wheel through relative motion.
Production process
• Worm production: Select appropriate steel materials such as 45 steel, 40Cr, etc. according to design requirements, and cut the raw materials into appropriate sizes and shapes as worm blanks. Using a five-axis CNC machine tool, according to the forming principle of the plane enveloping toroidal worm, the five-axis linkage of the machine tool makes the grinding plane of the grinding wheel coincide with the tooth surface of the virtual gear and rotate around the rotation axis of the virtual gear. At the same time, the workpiece worm rotates around its own axis. The rotation speed and direction of the two are determined by the rotation direction and transmission ratio of the worm pair. The distance between the axis of the virtual gear and the axis of the workpiece worm is equal to the center distance of the worm pair, so that the plane enveloping toroidal worm tooth surface is ground by the plane enveloping grinding of the grinding wheel. The worm after grinding is subjected to heat treatment such as quenching and tempering to improve the hardness and wear resistance of the tooth surface, and then grinding is performed to further improve the dimensional accuracy and surface finish.
• Worm production: usually using materials such as tin bronze, rough turning and fine turning on a lathe to process the basic shapes of the worm wheel such as the outer circle and inner hole. According to the parameters of the worm, the corresponding worm wheel hob is manufactured, and the tooth shape of the hob is conjugate with the tooth surface of the worm. Use a gear hobbing machine to hob the worm wheel blank with a worm wheel hob to form the tooth shape of the worm wheel. Perform heat treatment and surface treatment such as stress relief annealing as needed to improve the performance and service life of the worm wheel. Finally, assemble the processed worm and worm wheel according to the design requirements to ensure that the meshing clearance, center distance and other parameters of the two meet the standards.
Production equipment
The main production equipment used includes five-axis linkage CNC machine tools, lathes, gear hobbing machines, grinders, heat treatment equipment, etc. Among them, the five-axis linkage CNC machine tool is used for precision grinding of the worm; the lathe is used for rough machining and partial finishing of the worm and worm wheel blanks; the gear hobbing machine is used for the tooth shape processing of the worm wheel; the grinder is used for grinding the worm and worm wheel to improve the accuracy and surface quality; the heat treatment equipment is used for quenching, tempering, annealing and other heat treatments of the worm and worm wheel to improve the material properties.